“Take up the White Manʼs Burden – Send forth the best ye breed –
Go, bind your sons to exile
To serve your captivesʼ need. . . .”
— Rudyard Kipling, The Five Nations (1903)

1. The words of this poem have been used to support the practice of
(1) imperialism
(2) isolationism
(3) cultural borrowing
(4) self-determination