which of the following most accurately describes the practice of ghost authorship?
Option 1. Different disciplines have different practices about who should be included as an author.
Option 2. It refers to the tools and processes for handling data during a research study and after it concludes.
Option 3. It occurs when an institution’s financial or non-financial interests could interfere with its research activities.
Option 4. It is a situation where the individual who wrote the manuscript is not listed as an author.