Which of the following are better designs for investigating whether viewing different types of scenes affects working memory? Check all that apply. O The independent-measures design with random assignment to the control and treatment groups: The graduate student could randomly assign half of her sample to take the walk in an urban setting and half to serve asa control group. She could use an independent-measures t test to compare scores from the test of working memory administered to both groups after the treatment group took the walk in an urban setting. O The matched-subjects design: The graduate student could use the baseline scores to match each person to nother with a similar score. Then she could randomly assign one person in each pair to take the walk in an urban setting and the other person to serve as a control. Everyone would still complete a test of working memory twice, but only those not assigned as controls would take the walk in an urban setting. She could then use a repeated-measures t test comparing the difference in the final scores between the member of the pair who took the walk in an urban setting and the member who did not. O The independent-measures design with assignment by baseline scores to the control and treatment groups The graduate student could assign those with the lowest baseline scores to take the walk in an urban setting and have the rest serve as a control group. Both groups would still complete a test of working memory twice but only those not in the control group would take the walk in an urban setting. She could then use the independent-measures t test to compare the scores from the two groups O The repeated-measures design, skipping the baseline test: The graduate student could use a repeated-measures design as she did originally, but have the study participants skip the baseline test and use only the results of the test after the walk.

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