The logic behind international trade, in regard to the factors of production, is
a) an intergovernmental body such as the UN should regulate international trade so that a more equitable distribution of trade results. Developed nations should not be allowed to "run the table" by dictating terms to poorer nations.
b) if an underdeveloped country has the factor of a skilled labor force in abundance, it should withhold this resource and create demand, thereby driving up wages and increasing the quality of life for its citizens.
c) international trade allows increased access to the factors. For instance, the U.S. has capital, India and China have inexpensive skilled labor, and OPEC nations have vast reserves of natural resources.
d) if there is an imbalance of trade between nations, treaties should be drafted and signed so as to allow the equalization of factors in the international community.