A ship transporting oil goes aground on a sandbank and starts to release oil into the ocean. The story was immediately covered by all the major media outlets. The shipping company released a statement two days later in which they indicate their concern for the environment. In the effective management of a crisis, this statement is an example of a __________ strategy to reduce the impact of the crisis on the organisation's reputation.

a. Rectifying behaviour
b. Offensive response
c. Vocally expressed
d. Pre-emptive action