The correct answer is A) They gained land but incurred heavy debt.
The French and Indian War affected the British and ultimately the colonies in that they gained land but incurred heavy debt.
After the armed conflict, Britain gained more territory but with a great cost. The British empire was in deep debt due to the many expenses during the French and Indian War. English politicians questioned the support that Britain had received from some colonies during the war and decided to restructure the relationship with the colonies, giving the monarchy more power and control over the colonies. That is when the heavy taxation started and problems arose.
