Respuesta :
Answer : The correct answer for ions present in KCl is K⁺ and Cl⁻ which forms KCl by ionic bond (complete transfer of electron from K to Cl ) .
The electron dot structure : It is representation of valence electrons around the symbol of atoms.
Potassium : As it belongs to s -block , the electronic configuration of potassium is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶4s¹ .Since Potassium has 1 electron in its outermost shell , so its electron dot structure involves K with one dot .
Chlorine : Chlorine belongs to p-block so the electronic configuration of Cl is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵ . The valence electrons present in Cl is 7 , so the electron dot structure of Cl involves 7 dots around Cl .
The electron dot structures are shown in image.
Potassium chloride : It is ionic compound and formed by ionic bond between two ions , cations and anion . Cation is potassium and anion is chlorine.
Potassium being a metal , have tendency to donate the electron and form a cation . Since the outer shell has only 1 electron in it , so K easily loose this electron to gain stable configuration and form K⁺ ion .
Chlorine is a non metal and electronegative element ,so it has tendency to accept electron. and form anions. The electronic configuration of Cl is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵ , that is , it is one electron short to complete the octet . Hence , it easily accepts one electron and form anion Cl⁻.
Potassium give its electron to Cl and forms ionic bond between K⁺ ion and Cl⁻ ion by complete transfer of one electron to form potassium chloride .(shown in image )
The electron dot structures for potassium and chlorine and the formation of KCl is shown in the attached image.
Further explanation:
Chemical bond:
The attraction between atoms, molecules or ions that is responsible for the formation of chemical compounds is known as a chemical bond. It is formed either due to electrostatic forces or by the sharing of electrons. There are many strong bonds such as ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and metallic bonds while some weak bonds like dipole-dipole interactions, London dispersion forces, and hydrogen bonding also exist.
Ionic compound:
As the name suggests, these compounds have ions as their constituent particles. Out of two bonded atoms, one forms cation by the loss of electrons while the other becomes anion by the gain of electrons.
The bonding between the different atoms in covalent molecules is shown by some diagrams known as the Lewis structures. These also show the presence of lone pairs in the molecule. These are also known as Lewis dot diagrams, electron dot diagrams, Lewis dot structures or Lewis dot formula. In covalent compounds, the geometry, polarity, and reactivity are predicted by these structures.
The octet rule is the rule in accordance with which the elements have the tendency to bond with other elements and acquire eight electrons in their valence shells. This results in achieving a stable noble gas configuration.
The atomic number of K is 19 and its electronic configuration is [tex]\left[ {{\text{Ar}}} \right]{\text{4}}{s^1}[/tex]. This indicates it has one valence electron in it. The atomic number of Cl is 17 and its electronic configuration is [tex]\left[ {{\text{Ne}}} \right]3{s^2}3{p^5}[/tex]. This indicates it has 7 valence electrons in it. In order to fulfill their respective octets, potassium loses its one electron and this is gained by chlorine. As a result, K gets converted to [tex]{{\text{K}}^ + }[/tex] and Cl becomes [tex]{\text{C}}{{\text{l}}^ - }[/tex].
The formation of cation occurs as follows:
[tex]{\text{K}}\to{{\text{K}}^+}+{e^-}[/tex]
The formation of anion occurs as follows:
[tex]{\text{Cl}}+{{\text{e}}^-}\to{\text{C}}{{\text{l}}^-}[/tex]
The overall chemical reaction for the formation of KCl is as follows:
[tex]{{\text{K}}^+}+{\text{C}}{{\text{l}}^-}\to{\text{KCl}}[/tex]
For electron dot structures, refer to the attached image.
Learn more:
1. Identification of ionic bonding: https://brainly.com/question/1603987
2. What type of bond exists between phosphorus and chlorine? https://brainly.com/question/81715
Answer details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Ionic and covalent compounds
Keywords: ionic compounds, electron dot structures, electron dot, Cl, Cl-, KCl, K+, K, 7 valence electrons, 1 valence electron, 19, 17, cation, anion.
