Most African countries were unable to resist European imperialism during the scramble for Africa because Europeans had access to advanced technology developed during the industrial revolution.
What was the industrial revolution?
The transition of an economy based on agriculture and handicrafts to one driven by industry and machine production reflects the Industrial revolution.
Africans frequently lost a battle that they could have won if they had just organized their men, and formed alliances with other tribes, rather than allowing their tribes to continue their rivalries and supporting Europeans.
Therefore, advanced technology is the appropriate.
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