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The term "Reconstruction" refers to the period after the civil war(1865-1877), where rebuilding and readjusting were part of the historic moment.
The term is metaphoric because cities in the south were destroyed and there was not enough money to help the people. Socially, there were some consequences too, because the economic model based on slavery collapsed.
People from the north wanted to invest money in the reconstruction process, helping the weak economy of the southern states. But a grand part of the Reconstruction process stayed incompleted after the Federal army left the area in 1877.
After all, the plan of Presidents Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson was to readmit the confederated states to the Union.
In American history, the term Reconstruction refers to time period which follows the U.S. Civil War (from 1867 - 1877).
The era during which the federal government was involved in the former Confederate states for the purpose of observing the treatment of former slaves is referred to as Reconstruction.
During this period of reconstruction, efforts were made in favor of the former slaves to assist them as they made the transition from slavery to freedom.