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Which of the following is true about a system at equilibrium? a The concentration(s) of the reactant(s) is equal to the concentration(s) of the product(s). b No new product molecules are formed. c The concentration(s) of reactant(s) is constant over time. d The rate of the reverse reaction is equal to the rate of the forward reaction and both rates are equal to zero. e None of the above (a-d) is true.

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Answer:

c The concentration(s) of reactant(s) is constant over time.  

Step-by-step explanation:

When the reaction A ⇌ B reaches equilibrium, the concentrations of reactants and products are constant over time.

a is wrong, because the concentrations of reactants and products are usually quite different.

b is wrong, because both product and reactant molecules are being formed at equilibrium.

d is wrong. The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, but they are not zero.

In a system at equilibrium, the concentration of reactants is constant with time.

• When the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, a system is said to be in equilibrium.  

• As the forward and reverse reactions take place at equal rates, in a chemical equilibrium, the concentrations of the reactants and products remain same.

• In a reaction, when there is no further change in the concentration of products and reactants, it can be said that the reaction is in equilibrium.  

Thus, the correct answer is option c.

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