to divide fractions you need to twist the smallest number around so for question a : 1/4 should be 4\1 and then you times them together so 3/8 × 4/1 = 12 /8 = 2/4 = 1/2 (to multiply fractions you need to just times the denominator with the other denominator and the numerator with the other numerator ) ... for further caluclations I just simplified it using the 2 times table . hope it helps