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As he began to teach inorganic chemistry, Mendeleev could not find a textbook that met his needs. Since he had already published a textbook on organic chemistry in 1861 that had been awarded the prestigious Demidov Prize, he set out to write another one. The result was Osnovy khimii (1868–71; The Principles of Chemistry), which became a classic, running through many editions and many translations. When Mendeleev began to compose the chapter on the halogen elements (chlorine and its analogs) at the end of the first volume, he compared the properties of this group of elements to those of the group of alkali metals such as sodium. Within these two groups of dissimilar elements, he discovered similarities in the progression of atomic weights, and he wondered if other groups of elements exhibited similar properties. After studying the alkaline earths, Mendeleev established that the order of atomic weights could be used not only to arrange the elements within each group but also to arrange the groups themselves. Thus, in his effort to make sense of the extensive knowledge that already existed of the chemical and physical properties of the chemical elements and their compounds, Mendeleev discovered the periodic law.
Dimitri Mendeleev was the most noted Russian chemist who gave the periodic table. He gave the periodic table based on the atomic numbers and how they characterized the physical and chemical properties of the elements.
What were the thoughts of Mendeleev?
- When he came back to his homeland he began teaching inorganic chemistry but was not able to find a suitable textbook according to his need. He thought of writing another book as he was already awarded the prestigious Demidov Prize.
- As the result, he published the Principles of chemistry which is the most noted work of his and was translated to many languages.
- When he was studying the alkali group metals then he discovered that the properties according to the atomic numbers can be used to arrange the elements within themselves and in other groups.
Therefore, he discovered the periodic table.
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