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When baking soda (sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate, NaHCO3) is heated, it releases carbon dioxide gas, which is responsible for the rising of cookies, donuts, and bread. (a) Write a balanced equation for the decomposition of the compound (one of the products is Na2CO3). (b) Calculate the mass of NaHCO3 required to produce 20.5 g of CO2. Chang, Raymond. Chemistry (p. 113). McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Kindle Edition.

Respuesta :

Answer:

There is 78.25g NaHCO3 required

Explanation:

Step 1: Balance the equation

2 NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + CO2 + H20

For 2 moles of NaHCO3 consumed, there is produced 1 mole of Na2CO3, 1 mole of CO2 and 1 mole of H2O.

Step 2: calculating moles of CO2

mass of Co2 = 20.5g

Molar mass of CO2 = 44.01 g/mole

moles of CO2 = 20.5 / 44.01 = 0.4658 moles

Step 3: Calculating moles of NaHCO3

Since we have for 1 mole CO2 produced, there is 2 moles of NaHCO3 consumed.

To calculate number of moles of NaHCO3, we have to multiply the number of moles of CO2, by 2.

⇒ 0.4658 x2 = 0.9316 moles

Step 4: Calculating the mass of NaHCO3

mass of NaHCO3 = moles of NaHCO3 x Molar mass of NaHCO3

mass = 0.9316 moles x 84g/ mole = 78.25g NaHCO3

There is 78.25g NaHCO3 required

(a) The balanced chemical equation for the decomposition is

2NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂

(b) The mass of NaHCO₃ required to produce 20.5 g of CO₂ is 78.3 g

(a)

From the question,

We are to write a balanced equation for the decomposition of NaHCO₃

The decomposition of NaHCO₃ gives Na₂CO₃, H₂O, and CO₂.

The balanced chemical equation for the decomposition is

2NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂

This means

2 moles of NaHCO₃ decomposes to produce 1 mole of Na₂CO₃, 1 mole of H₂O, and 1 mole of CO₂

(b)

We are to calculate the mass of NaHCO₃ required to produce 20.5 g of CO₂

First, we will determine the number of moles of CO₂ in the 20.5 g of CO₂

Using the formula

[tex]Number\ of\ moiles = \frac{Mass}{Molar\ mass}[/tex]

Molar mass of CO₂ = 44.01 g/mol

∴ Number of moles of the CO₂ = [tex]\frac{20.5}{44.01}[/tex]

Number of moles of the CO₂ = 0.4658 mole

Now,

Since

2 moles of NaHCO₃ decomposes to produce 1 mole of CO₂

Then,

2 × 0.4658 mole of NaHCO₃ will decompose to produce 0.4658 mole of CO₂

2 ×0.4658 = 0.9316

∴ 0.9316 mole of NaHCO₃ is required to produce 20.5 g of CO₂

Now,

For the mass of NaHCO₃ required

From the formula

Mass = Number of moles × Molar mass

Molar mass of NaHCO₃ = 84.007 g/mol

∴ Mass of NaHCO₃ required = 0.9316 × 84.007

Mass of NaHCO₃ required = 78.2609 g

Mass of NaHCO₃ required ≅ 78.3 g

Hence, the mass of NaHCO₃ required to produce 20.5 g of CO₂ is 78.3 g

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