3. J.J. Thomson discovered the electron in 1897. In 1904, he proposed a model
of an atom, describing that there was an equal distribution of negative
and positive charges throughout the atom. In 1909, Ernest Rutherford tested
J.J. Thomson's model by shooting positive particles at gold foil. Based on
Thomson's model, it was predicted that the particles would fly through the foil
with a small amount deflected back. Analyzing the results, Rutherford
discovered that more of the particles bounced back than expected. Which of
the following best explains how the results of Rutherford's experiment affected
Thomson's widely-accepted atomic model?

Rutherford’s model of the atom included a nucleus that Thomson’s model did not have, Rutherford's experiment suggested that most of the part of an atom is just empty space and the nucleus occupies a very small space of the entire atom.

What are atomic models?

There are some models that are used to explain the arrangements of subatomic particles inside the atom based on the atomic theory of atom are known as the atomic models.

There are many types of atomic models proposed in past based on their individual assumptions and the experimentations

There are mainly five most widely accepted atomic models

John Dalton's atomic model which based on the assumption that all the entities of the universe are made up of the fundamental particle that is an atom.

The Plum Pudding Model, developed by J.J. Thomson, describes how subatomic particles are arranged by using the analogy of plum pudding, where the positive charge is uniformly distributed throughout and the negative charge is randomly sprinkled on top.

Using the alpha particle bombardment experiment on a thin sheet of gold, Rutherford's model provided an explanation for the presence of a nucleus inside the atom.

Niels Bohr's model explained the revolving nature of the electrons in the different shells around the nucleus of the atom.

Erwin Schrodinger's model explains the arrangement of the subatomic particles as the electron Cloud Model also known as the Quantum Model.

As given in the problem statement J.J. Thomson discovered the electron in 1897. In 1904, he proposed a model of an atom, describing that there was an equal distribution of negative and positive charges throughout the atom. In 1909, Ernest Rutherford tested J.J. Thomson's model by shooting positive particles at gold foil. Based on In Thomson's model, it was predicted that the particles would fly through the foil with a small amount deflected back. Analyzing the results,

The results of Rutherford's experiment affectedThomson's widely-accepted atomic model in a way that Rutherford experiment revealed that most of an atom is basically empty space and the nucleus occupies very little space of the total atom. Thomson's model of the atom did not include a nucleus.

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