The method of characterization Steinbeck uses to describe Elisa in the given passage is action.
Explanation:
Characterization refers to the way an author of a story represents a character to his readers. Throughout the story, we discover various details about its characters, from their physical appearance to what other characters think about them. There are two kinds of characterization:
In the given excerpt from "The Chrysanthemums", Steinbeck describes what Elisa is doing, her actions: she took off her gloves, put them in the pocket, touched the under edge of her man's hat. We don't know what her appearance and thoughts are like. We also cannot say that dialogue is used here, as dialogue involves a conversation between at least two characters. We hear only Elisa's words. That is why we can confidently say that the characterization technique used here is action.
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