1. increase the area of the plates
4. decrease the separation between the plates
5. insert a dielectric between the plates
Explanation:
The energy stored in a capacitor is given by
[tex]U=\frac{1}{2}CV^2[/tex]
where
C is the capacitance
V is the potential difference across the capacitor
For a parallel-plate capacitor, the capacitance is given by
[tex]C=\frac{k \epsilon_0 A}{d}[/tex]
where
k is the dielectric constant of the material
[tex]\epsilon_0[/tex] is the vacuum permittivity
A is the area of the plates of the capacitor
d is the separation between the plates
So we can rewrite the energy stored in the capacitor as
[tex]U=\frac{k \epsilon_0 A V^2}{2d}[/tex]
Here the potential difference is kept constant, so the energy depends only on the dielectric constant of the medium, the area and on the distance between the plates. In particular:
- The energy is directly proportional to the area, so as the area increases, the energy will increase
- The energy is inversely proportional to the distance, so as the distance decreases, the energy will increase
- The energy increases if the value of k increases (that is, if a dielectric is put between the plates)
It follows that the correct options to increase the energy are:
1. increase the area of the plates
4. decrease the separation between the plates
5. insert a dielectric between the plates
Learn more about capacitors:
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