A firm places three orders for supplies among five different distributors. Each order is randomly assigned to one of the distributors, and a distributor may receive multiple orders.
Find the probabilities of the following events.
a. All orders go to different distributors.
b. All orders go to the same distributor.
c. Exactly two of the three orders go to one particular distributor.

Respuesta :

Answer:

a) 12/25

b) 1/25

c) 12/25

Step-by-step explanation:

a) The first order can go anywhere, so it has 5 possibilities out of 5. The second order can go to any distributor except the one that got the first order, so it has 4 possibilities out of 5. The third order may go to any of the 3 remaining distributors, giving us 3 chances out of 5. So the probability is 5/5*4/5*3/5 = 12/25

b) The first order, again, can go anywhere, so it has 5 out of 5. The second and third order have to go to the same distributor, so, in each case, we have only 1 option available out of 5. The probability of this event is 5/5*1/5*1/5 = 1/25

c) This event is the complementary event of the union of the other 2 events the exercise has. If neither the same distributor got all 3 orders non all orders go to different distributors, then necessarily one distributor should got 2 orders and other 1. The probability of this event is, therefore 1-12/25-1/25 = 12/25.

The probabilities can be found to be:

  • Probability (Different distributors) = 0.48.
  • Probability ( Same distributor) = 0.04.
  • Probability (Two of three to one distributor) = 0.16.

What is the probability that all orders go to different distributors?

This can be found as:

= Number of ways of going to all distributors / Number of ways 3 orders can be placed to 5 distributors

Solving gives:

= (5 x 4 x 3) / (5 x 5 x 5)

= 60 / 125

= 0.48

What is the probability that all orders go to different distributors?

If they all go to one distributor then the number of ways it can get to either distributor is 5 as there are 5 distributors:

= 5 / 125

= 1 / 25

= 0.04

What is the probability that two of the three orders go to one distributor?

As it is two orders going to one distributor, there is no chance of a third distributor getting an order. Probability will be:

= (5 x 4) / (5 x 5 x 5)

= 20 / 125

= 0.16

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