Assume a system uses five protocol layers. If the application program creates a message of 100 bytes and each layer (including the fifth and the first) adds a header of 10 bytes to the data unit, what is the efficiency (the ratio of application layer bytes to the number of bytes transmitted) of the system?

If the message created by the application layer, is 100 bytes size, and any of the five protocol layers add 10 bytes to the data unit, when transmitted, the packet will have 150 bytes, from which, 50 bytes are overhead bytes.

So, the efficiency (ratio of application layer bytes (excluding the header) to the number of bytes transmitted) of the system is as follows:

E = 100 / 150 = 66.7 %

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fichoh fichoh · Answer 2 · 2021-11-23T18:21:37+01:00

The efficiency is the ratio of the application later bytes to the total bytes transmitted. Hence, the efficiency is 66.67%.

Application layer bytes = 100 bytes

The number of bytes transmitted can be calculated thus :

(Number of protocol layers × header size) + message size
(5 × 10) + 100 = 150 bytes

The efficiency can be calculated thus :

Application layer bytes / number of bytes transmitted

Efficiency = (100 ÷ 150) × 100%

Efficiency = 0.666 × 100% = 66.67%

Therefore, the efficiency is 66.67%

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