Answer:
1) sickle cell anemia: Sickle cell anemia is caused due to a point mutation by which a change in the nucleotide causes the code for producing the amino acid valine instead of the amino acid glutamic acid. It is a harmful mutation.
2) Klinefelter’s Calicos: Better known as the Klinefelter’s Syndrome, Klinefelter’s Calicos is a type of genetic mutation in which the person has the pattern of XXY for sex chromosomes i.e the person has an extra X chromosome. It is a harmful mutation.
3) Colour blindness: It is a sex linked mutation caused by two genes coding for the sight of red and green colour on the X chromosome. It is a harmful mutation.
4) Lactase persistence: A mutation allowed the humans to produce lactase enzyme as a result of breast feeding. This is an example of beneficial mutation.
5) HIV resistance: A 32 base pair sequence change in CCR5 helps humans to get resistant against HIV. it is a beneficial mutation.
