How do I do it when it’s a different base ?

Answer:
[tex]x=-2[/tex]
Step-by-step explanation:
You gotta use natural log, ln().
Taking the ln() of a number will bring down its exponent:
Example:
If given [tex]x^k[/tex]
then [tex]ln(x^k)=k\cdot ln(x)[/tex]
In your problem, we have...
[tex]2^{2x+4}=1[/tex]
[tex]ln(2^{(2x+4)})= ln(1)[/tex]
[tex](2x+4)ln(2)= ln(1)[/tex] , ln(1)=0 always. memorize this value
[tex](2x+4)ln(2)= 0[/tex] , divide both side by ln(2)
[tex](2x+4)= 0[/tex]
[tex]2x= -4[/tex]
[tex]x=-2[/tex]