Answer:
The detailed explanation of above question is given below:
Step-by-step explanation:
categorical variable is one that has two or more categories (values). There are two types of categorical variable, nominal and ordinal. A nominal variable has no intrinsic ordering to its categories. For example, gender is a categorical variable having two categories (male and female) with no intrinsic ordering to the categories. An ordinal variable has a clear ordering. For example, temperature as a variable with three orderly categories (low, medium and high).
Categorical variables represent types of data which may be divided into groups. Examples of categorical variables are race, sex, age group, and educational level. While the latter two variables may also be considered in a numerical manner by using exact values for age and highest grade completed, it is often more informative to categorize such variables into a relatively small number of groups.
Analysis of categorical data generally involves the use of data tables. A two-way table presents categorical data by counting the number of observations that fall into each group for two variables, one divided into rows and the other divided into columns. For example, suppose a survey was conducted of a group of 20 individuals, who were asked to identify their hair and eye color. A two-way table presenting the results might appear as follows:
Eye Color
Hair Color Blue Green Brown Black Total
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Blonde 2 1 2 1 6
Red 1 1 2 0 4
Brown 1 0 4 2 7
Black 1 0 2 0 3
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Total 5 2 10 3 20
The totals for each category, also known as marginal distributions, provide the number of individuals in each row or column without accounting for the effect of the other variable (in the example above, the total number of individuals with blue eyes, regardless of hair color, is 5).
