For each example presented below, identify whether positive reinforcement (PR), negative reinforcement (NR), or punishment (PUN) is illustrated. Use the answer sheet on the next page to record your answer.
Police pulling drivers over and giving prizes for buckling up.
Suspending a basketball player for committing a flagrant foul.
A child snaps her fingers until her teacher calls on her.
A hospital patient is allowed extra visiting time after eating a complete meal.
Receiving a city utility discount for participating in a recycling program.
Grounding a teenager until his or her homework is finished.
Scolding a child for playing in the street.
A prisoner loses TV privileges for one week for a rule violation.
A parent nagging a child to clean up her room.
A defendant is harassed and tortured until he confesses.
A young child receives $5 for earning good grades in school.
A child is put into "time out" for misbehaving.
Employee of the month gets a reserved parking space.
At a party, a husband becomes sullen when his wife flirts with a colleague.
A woman watching a football game offers her child candy to play quietly.

Respuesta :

Answer:      

  1. Police pulling drivers over and giving prizes for buckling up (PR)
  2. Suspending a basketball player for committing a flagrant foul (PUN)
  3. A child snaps her fingers until her teacher calls on her (NR)    
  4. A hospital patient is allowed extra visiting time after eating a complete meal (PR)
  5. Receiving a city utility discount for participating in a recycling program (PR)
  6. Grounding a teenager until his or her homework is finished (PR)
  7. Scolding a child for playing in the street (PUN)
  8. A prisoner loses TV privileges for one week for a rule violation (PUN)
  9. A parent nagging a child to clean up her room (PR)
  10. A defendant is harassed and tortured until he confesses (PR)  
  11. A young child receives $5 for earning good grades in school (PR)
  12. A child is put into "time out" for misbehaving (PUN)
  13. An employee of the month gets a reserved parking space (PR)
  14. At a party, a husband becomes sullen when his wife flirts with a colleague (PUN)
  15. A woman watching a football game offers her child candy to play quietly (PR)

Explanation:

  1. Punishment is the art of attempting to behave in a certain way in order to stop a negative behavior;
  2. Postitive Reinforcement entails acting in a particular way such that it encourages a certain positive behavior; while
  3. Negative Reinforcement is an attempt to encourage a negative pattern of behavior.

Cheers!