A. You are travelling on a summer solstice if you have experienced the longer day in the Northern hemisphere and about to experience the shortest day on the southern hemisphere.
First of the rotation of the North and South hemisphere is what gives us seasons. Summer solstice is the year's longest day and its shortest night.
B. To explain this phenomenon, I would tell this person that the sun is at it farthest position from the sun in the North and it goes on the farthest path. This far movement is the reason for the long day.
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