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Hello There. ☆~°|---__€○€__---|°~☆ The answer to this is...Gorbachev's reforms reversed totalitarian policies that had rewarded silence and discouraged individuals from acting on their own. Glasnost encouraged a free flow of ideas and information and allowed public criticism of government economic policies. Perestroika gave local farm and factory managers greater authority and allowed individuals to own small private businesses. Democratization loosened the Communist Party's control on society and politics. Citizens turned to other reformers who promised faster and even greater changes. Communist hard-liners tried to undo Gorbachev's reforms, but their August coup resulted in the collapse of the Communist Party. Nationalist groups that had been demanding self-rule now declared independence.
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