Respuesta :
Answer:
membrane potential; ion channels; integral membrane; electrochemical gradient; negative; positive; concentration; channel gating; repel; attract
Explanation:
Ion diffusion depends on the membrane potential which is the separation of electrical charge across the plasma membrane. To begin, ions diffuse across plasma membranes by passing through ion channels formed by integral membrane proteins. Thus, in determining ion flux, both the concentration difference and the membrane potential, collectively known as the electrochemical gradient, must be considered. For example, most cells have a net negative charge inside with respect to the outside, so there is an electrical force attracting positive ions into the cell. Ion diffusion also depends on the concentration gradient that exists for that ion across the plasma membrane. Finally, ion flux across the plasma membrane can be altered by opening or closing ion channels, which is a process known as channel gating. Electrical charges of the same sign, both positive or both negative, repel each other, while opposite charges attract.