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Madison advocates for protections or safeguards for the rights or liberties of the people by urging for a self-governed, free society. He believes that when the state gets involved in political affairs, the minority is almost always drowned out by the majority and therefore oppressed. Therefore, people should be allowed for their own opinions and guaranteed rights in the Constitution. He compares the rights or liberties of the people to religious freedom; many branches and many sects exist between religions just as how the ideas of the American people differ. For the republican cause, Madison believes that judicious modifications and a mixture of the federal principle will allow the American citizens to be capable of this kind of self-government.
The way in which Madison prescribe for the preservation of the people's rights would be as follows:
- Madison always desired and advocated a liberal and sovereign society in order to prevent any kind of exploitation or oppression of minorities.
- He believes that the inclusion of a government will cause the outvoted to suffer as the politicians would primarily work towards the growth of the majority.
- In the case of self-governance, people would have their rights and opinions of their own.
- He also proposed that a blend of modifications in the judiciary for people of diverse cultures and religions would help in the establishment of effective self-government that will make it a better ruling state.
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