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Answer:
a) One political motivation behind new maritime empire building was defense. An example of this is when an empire is surrounded on all sides by water. This means that the only way that empire can be attacked/invaded is by sea. This makes its defense system very easy. The empire simply has to make sure that all of its coastlines are highly defended so that it can remain safe.
b) One economic motivation behind the creation of maritime empires during 1450-1750 is trade. All of these maritime empires were very successful in their economy. The definition of a maritime empire is a small piece of land that is surrounded by large bodies of water. This means that these empires have high availability to the sea and other trading partners. These empires could export and import any types of goods that they needed, leading to their economy being able to flourish.
c) In the beginning of the 16th century, the Portuguese were able to establish and build the most successful and largest maritime empire that the world ever saw. This was all thanks to its excellent and above average navigation skills. This large empire strung from South America to the Far East, along with the coastlines of India and Africa. With all of this trading ground, Portugal was able to control a vast majority of the European spice trade. Portugal was able to do all this and become so successful because of their astounding navigation skills.
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