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Consider sending a packet from a source host to a destination host over a fixed route. List the delay components in the end-to-end delay. Which of these delays are constant and which are variable? Draw a picture to illustrate your network and where each type of delay occurs.

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List the delay components in the end-to-end delay:
Processing delay
Transmission delay
Propagation delay
Queuing delay.
The processing delay, transmission delay, and propagation delay are constant. Reason is that, time taken to transmit data bits.
The queuing delay is variable.Reason is that, Only single packet transfer in queue process and waiting time depends on packet size.

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