Respuesta :
Pyruvate no change as there is no change in pathway by blockage of ATP synthase
NADH no change as NADH is oxidized and portions are reduced via complexes
H+ concentration increase as petitions are not utilized by ATP synthase for ATP formation
NADH no change as NADH is oxidized and portions are reduced via complexes
H+ concentration increase as petitions are not utilized by ATP synthase for ATP formation
The concentration of pyruvate and NADH does not no change, however the concentration of H+ increases.
Oligomycin is a toxic substance to humans, produced by bacteria of the Streptomyces type. It acts by blocking the proton channel in a region of the ATP synthase enzyme, inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, the electron transport chain is slowed but not completely stopped.
Cellular respiration consists of a metabolic pathway that breaks down the glucose molecule to produce energy in the form of ATP. Stages of cellular respiration are:
- Glycolysis
- Pyruvate oxidation
- Krebs cycle or the citric acid cycle
- Oxidative phosphorylation
Glycolysis consists of the breakdown of glucose to form two pyruvate molecules, where energy is produced in the form of ATP and NADH. Then, pyruvate oxidation occurs, catalyzed by an enzyme called pyruvate dehydrogenase in the mitochondrial matrix. Next, is the Krebs cycle where energy is produced in the form of ATP and other biosynthetic reactions also occur where the intermediates produced are required to make other molecules, such as amino acids, nucleotide bases and cholesterol. Finally, oxidative phosphorylation takes place as a metabolic process that uses energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to produce ATP. It consists of two stages: in the first one, free energy generated by redox chemical reactions in various multiprotein complexes (electron transport chain) and produces an electrochemical gradient of protons (H+) across an associated membrane in a process called chemiosmosis. The respiratory chain consists of three main protein complexes (complex I, III, IV), and several "auxiliary" complexes, utilizing a variety of electron donors and acceptors. The three complexes associate in supercomplexes to channel electron transport molecules, coenzyme Q and cytochrome c, making the process more efficient. So, the proton gradient produced by proton pumping is used to make ATP molecules. Protons move through the ATP synthase down their concentration gradient into the matrix catalyzing the conversion of ADP to ATP.
Then, using oligocycin there will be no change in the concentration of pyruvate since the synthesis of it (from the breakdown of glucose) does not depend upon an ATP synthase. Also, there is no change in the concentration of NADH because it is oxidized and reduced via redox reactions which also does not depend on the enzyme. At last, there is an increase in the concentration of H+ (protons) because its gradient wont be use by the ATP synthase to make ATP molecules.
Learn more about cellular respiration here: https://brainly.in/question/4311203
