In this text, there are several symbols that the author uses in order to convey meaning. A symbol is an object, action, or idea that is meant to stand for something else.
In this case, one of the symbols that is present throughout the text is the wallpaper. The wallpaper symbolizes the imprisonment of the character. This is why she concentrates on it so much, and why it is hideous and all around her. The author also sees a path that runs from the house, and where she sees people walking. These are free people, in the real world, and the path is the liberation the narrator is looking for.