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Mountain building, weathering, and erosion eventually expose the fossil at the surface. Sedimentary rock is the type of rock that is made of hardened sediment. Most fossils form from animals or plants that once lived in or near quiet water such as swamps, lakes, or shallow seas where sediments build up.

There are some geological processes that often expose fossils. The two geologic processes that can expose fossils buried below the surface are;

  • Mountain building
  • Erosion

There are other factors such as weathering that expose the fossil at the surface. A lot of fossils that is formed from animals or plants are the ones that had lived in or near quiet water such as swamps, lakes, etc., where the sediments increase.

Sediments often reach the surface as they are pushed up during the process of mountain formation and then thrown or moved away by the forces of erosion.

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