Answer:
a) taxes and government spending, President and Congress
b) Expansionary Fiscal Policy, lowering, raising, Contractionary Fiscal Policy, raising, lowering.
Explanation:
a. Fiscal Policy involves changing taxes and government spending. In the United States, Fiscal Policy is implemented by the President and Congress.
b. Expansionary Fiscal Policy can be used to address a Recessionary Gap by lowering taxes and raising government purchases. Meanwhile, Contractionary Fiscal Policy can be used to address an Inflationary Gap by raising taxes and lowering government purchases.