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Explanation:
The lytic cycle, which is also referred to as the "reproductive cycle" of the bacteriophage, is a six-stage cycle. The six stages are: attachment, penetration, transcription, biosynthesis, maturation, and lysis. Other key steps are During attachment and penetration, the virus attaches itself to a host cell and injects its genetic material into it.
During uncoating, replication, and assembly, the viral DNA or RNA incorporates itself into the host cell’s genetic material and induces it to replicate the viral genome.
During release, the newly-created viruses are released from the host cell, either by causing the cell to break apart, waiting for the cell to die, or by budding off through the cell membrane. A virus must use cell processes to replicate. The viral replication cycle can produce dramatic biochemical and structural changes in the host cell, which may cause cell damage. These changes, called cytopathic (causing cell damage) effects, can change cell functions or even destroy the cell. Some infected cells, such as those infected by the common cold virus known as rhinovirus, die through lysis (bursting) or apoptosis (programmed cell death), releasing all progeny virions at once. The symptoms of viral diseases result from the immune response to the virus, which attempts to control and eliminate the virus from the body and from cell damage caused by the virus. Many animal viruses, such as HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), leave the infected cells of the immune system by a process known as budding, where virions leave the cell individually. During the budding process, the cell does not undergo lysis and is not immediately killed. However, the damage to the cells that the virus infects may make it impossible for the cells to function normally, even though the cells remain alive for a period of time. Most productive viral infections follow similar steps in the virus replication cycle: attachment, penetration, uncoating, replication, assembly, and release.
All the given steps are of lytic cycle.
- Lytic cycle is used by a bacteriophage to reproduce inside a bacteria.
- Bacteriophage are the viruses.
What is lytic cycle?
The lytic cycle is production of new phage progeny and death of the host bacterial cell, this is a multistep process involving precise coordination of gene transcription and physical processes.
The six stages are:
- Attachment.
- Penetration.
- Transcription.
- Biosynthesis.
- Maturation.
- Lysis.
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