Respuesta :
Answer: The correct option is D.
Explanation:
In option A:
The names of both the ions are correct but the representation of lithium ion is wrong. Lithium forms a cation and here lithium anion is shown. So, this option is not correct.
In option B:
Here, the representation and name of [tex]C_2O_4^-[/tex] is written wrong. This ion has a representation of [tex]C_2O_4^{2-}[/tex] and is named as oxalate. So, this is not correct.
In option C:
The representation of both the ions is correct but the name of [tex]Cl^-[/tex] is chloride, not chlorate. So. this is not a correct option.
In option D:
The representation and names of both the ions are correct.
Hence, the correct option is D.
The symbols and names of the ions are correctly named in [tex]\boxed{\left( {\text{D}} \right){\text{ PO}}_4^{3 - }:{\text{phosphate}};\;{\text{PO}}_3^{3 - }:{\text{phosphite}}}[/tex].
Further explanation:
Ions are the species that are formed either due to the loss or gain of electrons.
A neutral atom, when accepts an electron, gets converted into negatively charged species, known as an anion. The number of electrons becomes more than the number of protons in the atom.
The formation of anion occurs as follows:
[tex]{\text{X}}\left({{\text{Neutral atom}}}\right)+{e^-}\to{{\text{X}}^-}\left({{\text{Anion}}} \right)[/tex]
A neutral atom, when loses an electron, gets converted into positively charged species, known as a cation. The number of electrons becomes less than the number of protons in the atom.
The formation of cation occurs as follows:
[tex]{\text{X}}\left({{\text{Neutral atom}}}\right)-{e^-}\to {{\text{X}}^+}\left({{\text{Cation}}}\right)[/tex]
Naming of anions:
1. The suffix “ide” is added when a monoatomic anion is formed by an element. For example, [tex]{{\text{H}}^-}[/tex] is named as hydride.
2. When two oxyanions are formed by a single element, the oxyanion with fewer oxygen atoms is written with suffix “ite” and that with more oxygen is named with suffix “ate”. For example, [tex]{\text{NO}}_2^ -[/tex] is named nitrite while [tex]{\text{NO}}_3^ -[/tex] is named nitrate.
3. If a series of oxyanions are formed by an element, prefix “hypo” is used when fewer oxygen atoms are present and prefix “per” is used if more oxygen atoms are present. For example, [tex]{\text{Cl}}{{\text{O}}^ - }[/tex] is named hypochlorite while [tex]{\text{ClO}}_4^ -[/tex] is named as perchlorate.
(A) [tex]{\text{L}}{{\text{i}}^ - }[/tex]: lithium; [tex]{\text{O}}{{\text{H}}^ - }[/tex]: hydroxide
The atomic number of lithium is 3. So its electronic configuration is [tex]1{s^2}2{s^1}[/tex]. Its outermost electron is present in [tex]2s[/tex] orbital that can be easily removed in order to achieve the stable noble gas configuration of He. So lithium forms cation, [tex]{\text{L}}{{\text{i}}^ + }[/tex] but not anion, [tex]{\text{L}}{{\text{i}}^ - }[/tex] and therefore it is incorrect. Hydroxide is correctly represented as [tex]{\text{O}}{{\text{H}}^ - }[/tex] but the representation of lithium-ion is wrong. So statement A is incorrect.
(B) [tex]{{\text{C}}_2}{{\text{H}}_3}{\text{O}}_2^ -[/tex]: acetate; [tex]{{\text{C}}_2}{\text{O}}_4^{2 - }[/tex]: oxalite
The naming of [tex]{{\text{C}}_2}{{\text{H}}_3}{\text{O}}_2^ -[/tex] is correct but [tex]{{\text{C}}_2}{\text{O}}_4^{2 - }[/tex] is named as oxalate, not oxalate. So statement B is incorrect.
(C) [tex]{\text{C}}{{\text{l}}^ - }[/tex]: chlorate; [tex]{{\text{C}}_2}{\text{O}}_4^{2 - }[/tex]: oxalite
[tex]{\text{C}}{{\text{l}}^ - }[/tex] is the monoatomic anion formed by chlorine atom and therefore its correct name is chloride, not chlorate. Similarly, [tex]{{\text{C}}_2}{\text{O}}_4^{2 - }[/tex] is named oxalate, not oxalite. So statement C is incorrect.
(D) [tex]{\text{PO}}_4^{3 - }[/tex]: phosphate; [tex]{\text{PO}}_3^{3 - }[/tex]: phosphite
Both are the oxyanions of phosphorus. [tex]{\text{PO}}_4^{3 - }[/tex] has four oxygen atoms in it and therefore named phosphate, ending with the suffix “ate”. [tex]{\text{PO}}_3^{3 - }[/tex] has three oxygen atoms in it and therefore named as phosphate, ending with suffix “ite”. So statement D is correct.
Learn more:
1. Balanced chemical equation: https://brainly.com/question/1405182
2. Identify the precipitate in the reaction: https://brainly.com/question/8896163
Answer details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Ionic compounds
Keywords: ions, cation, anion, electron, Li-, OH-, PO43-, PO33-, Cl-, C2O42-, C2H3O2-, oxalite, chlorate, phosphate, phosphate, names, symbols, ate, ide, ite, suffix, prefix.
