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Answer:
Accordingly, the art of the Renaissance reflects Christian classicism and physically expresses the intellectual ideas underlying the Renaissance movement. Raphael’s School of Athens stands as an embodiment of this idea, as it very clearly emphasizes Greek learning but subtly directs the viewer towards ultimately understanding the work in light of Christian wisdom.
Although classicism was not the only factor in the Renaissance movement, it played an essential role in the transformation which the movement brought about, as the Renaissance consisted greatly in a shared set of ideological principles and philosophic concerns which were embodied by artists and humanists.
Renaissance Humanism focused greatly on returning to and reconciling ancient Greek thought with Christianity and its revealed truth. Raphael expresses this focus very clearly in the School of Athens, as he illustrates a powerful connection between the philosophers and thinkers of ancient Greece and the Christian wisdom of God. As Marini says, “The great achievement of Raphael was his consummate fusion of Renaissance Humanism with the genuine spirit of classical culture.”40 Given that the commissioning of the painting was part of Pope Julius II’s program of Renovatio Urbis to renew the city of Rome as a Christian capital reflecting the splendor and grandeur of antiquity, such a fusion makes sense. Through the School of Athens, Raphael expresses genuine classicism but also the larger connection that classical learning has to Christianity. If God is the source and end of all wisdom, then the knowledge of the philosophers participates in Christian wisdom and moves towards God, even if it falls short of grasping the complete truth achieved only through the revelation of Christ. The fresco thus reflects not only the human search after wisdom and natural truth, but how this search itself, philosophy, is ultimately directed towards and fulfilled through God and His eternal and divine wisdom. Furthermore, because it engages the viewer so heavily with its iconography and spatial expression, the painting invites the viewer himself to pursue philosophy and participate in such learning.
Explanation:
Resource Used:
https://rome.nd.edu/assets/302474/christian_classicism_and_raphael_s_school_of_athens.pdf
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