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By relating seemingly unrelated data, GIS can help individuals and organizations better understand spatial patterns and relationships. ... GIS can use any information that includes location. The location can be expressed in many different ways, such as latitude and longitude, address, or ZIP code.

Geographers use all sorts of tools to help them investigate their questions. They commonly use maps, globes, atlases, aerial photographs, satellite photographs, information graphics, and a computer program called GIS.