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The major difference in the process of DNA replication between species is the linear order of nucleotides, which can be amplified by PCR. This technique enables the amplification of specific DNA fragments.

The Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique widely used in molecular biology in order to amplify and thus identify small DNA fragments (approx. 1000 pb).

The PCR uses all materials required to carry out DNA replication: a thermostable DNA polymerase, primers (DNA oligonucleotides), deoxyribonucleotides (ddA, ddG, ddC, or ddT), and template DNA.

The template DNA indicates the linear order of nucleotides that will be added to the amplified DNA fragment, which is highly specific and may vary even between individuals of the same species.

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