The best term to describe this type of study is referred to as Genetic drift.
This is referred to as the change in the frequency of an existing gene variant in a population as a result of random sampling of organisms.
In this scenario, we were told the biologist sampled a certain type of lizard in which they were found on one island, but not on others. This therefore depicts genetic drift.
Read more about Genetic drift here https://brainly.com/question/1027688