Genetic variation allows different populations of moths to camouflage in different environments. A well-known example is the industrial melanism of peppered moths.
The industrial melanism of peppered moths is an observed feature in which the proportion of dark moths increased in industrial environments during the industrial revolution.
This increase occurred as a consequence of natural selection because dark moths can camouflage better in a polluted environment.
Industrial melanism represents one of the most well-known examples of how genetic variation acts at the population level.
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