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A 1.000 g sample of an unknown hydrate of copper chloride is gently dehydrated. The copper is isolated and weighs 0.248 g. Develop a method for determining the empirical formula of the copper compound and for determining the percent by mass of copper in the compound. Remark: The experimental data table obtained by the student is shown below. Data: Mass of crucible 20.43 g Mass of crucible + CuxCly • zH2O. 21.43 g Mass of crucible + CuxCly 20.976 g

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Based on the data provided, the empirical formula of the compund is CuCl2.6H20 and the percentage mass of copper is 24.8%.

What is empirical formula?

Empirical formula is a formula showing the simplest ratios in which elements in the compund are combined.

From the data provided:

Mass of Hydrated Copper chloride = 1.00 g

Mass of dehydrated Copper chloride = 20.976 - 20.43 = 0.546 g

Mass of Water = 21.43 - 20.976 = 0.454 g

Mass of Copper = 0.248 g

Masd of Chlorine = 1.00 - (0.454 + 0.248) = 0.298

Mole ratio:

Cu = 0.248/64 = 0.004

Cl = 0.298/35.5 = 0.008

H2O = 0.454/18 = 0.025

Dividing with the smallest value:

Cu = 0.004/0.004 = 1

Cl = 0.008/0.004 = 2

H2O = 0.025/0.004 = 6

Therefore;

Empirical formula = CuCl2.6H20

Percentage mass of copper = 0.248/1.00 × 100%

Percentage mass of copper = 24.8%

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