Respuesta :
Answer:
The key points for the Darwin theory are
Explanation:
Charles Darwin was a British naturalist who proposed the theory of biological evolution by natural selection.
Darwin defined evolution as "descent with modification," the idea that species change over time, give rise to new species, and share a common ancestor.
The mechanism that Darwin proposed for evolution is natural selection. Because resources are limited in nature, organisms with heritable traits that favor survival and reproduction will tend to leave more offspring than their peers, causing the traits to increase in frequency over generations.
Natural selection causes populations to become adapted, or increasingly well-suited, to their environments over time. Natural selection depends on the environment and requires existing heritable variation in a group.
What is evolution?
The basic idea of biological evolution is that populations and species of organisms change over time. Today, when we think of evolution, we are likely to link this idea with one specific person: the British naturalist Charles Darwin.
In the 1850s, Darwin wrote an influential and controversial book called On the Origin of Species. In it, he proposed that species evolve (or, as he put it, undergo "descent with modification"), and that all living things can trace their descent to a common ancestor. What exactly is a species?
Darwin also suggested a mechanism for evolution: natural selection, in which heritable traits that help organisms survive and reproduce become more common in a population over time. What does "heritable" mean?
In this article, we'll take a closer look at Darwin's ideas. We'll trace how they emerged from his worldwide travels on the ship HMS Beagle, and we'll also walk through an example of how evolution by natural selection can work.
Early ideas about evolutionInfluences on Darwin
Darwin and the voyage of the Beagle
Darwin's seminal book, On the Origin of Species, set forth his ideas about evolution and natural selection. These ideas were largely based on direct observations from Darwin's travels around the globe. From 1831 to 1836, he was part of a survey expedition carried out by the ship HMS Beagle, which included stops in South America, Australia, and the southern tip of Africa. At each of the expedition's stops, Darwin had the opportunity to study and catalog the local plants and animals.
Over the course of his travels, Darwin began to see intriguing patterns in the distribution and features of organisms. We can see some of the most important patterns Darwin noticed in distribution of organisms by looking at his observations of the Galápagos Islands off the coast of Ecuador.
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Answer:
individuals of a species are not identical; traits are passed from generation to generation; more offspring are born than can survive; and only the survivors of the competition for resources will reproduce.
Variation :
Within a population, some traits can be expressed in various ways and make individuals look and behave differently. It can be hair color, body size, eyes color, reaction while facing a danger, ...
Inheritance:
Heritable traits are transmitted to the next generation.
High rate of population growth:
At each generation, the population produces more offspring than what the local environment can support. It leads to substantial mortality.
Differential survival and reproduction:
Individuals with the best combination of traits to survive in the actual environment will produce more offsprings for the next generation
Explanation:
