Taxes are the animals' movements orientated to stimuli or away from them. Phototaxis, chemotaxis, hydrotaxis, geotaxis, thigmotaxis, phonotaxis, etcetera.
What are taxes?
Taxes are the movements or changes in orientation done by organisms in response to a stimulus. It is about getting closer or farther from the stimuli. According to this, we can differentiate the followings,
- Positive taxes ⇒ when the organisms react and move toward the stimuli
- Negative taxes ⇒ when the organisms react and move away from the stimuli
The stimulus is received by receptors in the organism's body. The type of response will depend on the type of stimulus.
Different types of taxes depend on the type of stimuli and the organism that receives them. Taxes might vary among plants and animals.
Taxe observed in animals are,
- Anemotaxis ⇒ displacement according to the wind's direction. Some insects show these taxis.
- Phototaxis ⇒ organisms respond to light in different ways. For instance, some worms and cockroaches move away from light, while moths and flies are attracted to light.
- Phonotaxis ⇒ Orientation according to sounds.
- Geotaxis ⇒ motion according to gravitational movements. For instance, jellyfishes move to the bottom of the sea (positive geotaxis) or the surface (negative geotaxis).
- Hydrotaxis ⇒ Movement to or away from water. When marine turtles are born, they move toward the ocean.
- Reotaxis ⇒ Moving with or against the water current.
- Thermotaxis ⇒ Movements of the organism according to the source of the hit. Mosquitos for example express positive thermotaxis. Cockroach moves toward warm sources.
- Thigmotaxis ⇒ Responses to vibrations or pressures. For instance, spiders show positive thigmotaxis when they identify the vibrations of a trapped insect in their webs.
- Chemotaxis ⇒ Response of animals to chemical signals. For instance, ants show positive chemotaxis while looking for food. Sharks express positive chemotaxis when they smell blood. Moths show positive chemotaxis when they receive pheromones.
- Galvanotaxis ⇒ Motion according to electrical stimuli.
- Astrotaxis ⇒ Movements following the stars, the sun, or the moon.
Having made these descriptions, you can mention all of them and describe the followings,
→ Phototaxis, explaining that
- moths are attracted to light expressing positive phototaxis.
- cockroaches hide from lighted places, expressing negative phototaxis.
→ Geotaxis, explaining that
- jellyfishes express positive geotaxis when moving to the bottom.
- squids express negative geotaxis when moving to the surface.
You can learn more about types of taxis at
https://brainly.com/question/11140016
https://brainly.com/question/4620418
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