Respuesta :
The empirical formula of the hydrocarbon is [tex]C_2H_3[/tex] if combustion of 8.60 g of a hydrocarbon produced 26.5 g of [tex]CO_2[/tex] and 12.2 g of [tex]H_2O[/tex].
What is an empirical formula?
A chemical formula showing the simplest ratio of elements in a compound rather than the total number of atoms in the molecule [tex]CH_2O[/tex] is the empirical formula for glucose.
1 mole of carbon dioxide contains a mass of 44 g, out of which 12 g are carbon.
Hence, in this case the mass of carbon in 8.46 g of [tex]CO_2[/tex]:
([tex]\frac{12}{44}[/tex]) × 8.46 = 2.3073 g
1 mole of water contains 18 g, out of which 2 g is hydrogen;
Therefore, 2.6 g of water contains;
([tex]\frac{2}{18}[/tex] × 2.6 = 0.2889 g of hydrogen.
Therefore, with the amount of carbon and hydrogen from the hydrocarbon, we can calculate the empirical formula.
We first calculate the number of moles of each,
Carbon = [tex]\frac{2.3073}{12}[/tex] = 0.1923 moles
Hydrogen = [tex]\frac{0.2889}{1}[/tex]= 0.2889 moles
Then, we calculate the ratio of Carbon to hydrogen by dividing by the smallest number value;
Carbon : Hydrogen
[tex]\frac{0.1923}{0.1923}[/tex] : [tex]\frac{0.2889}{0.1923}[/tex]
1 : 1.5
(1 : 1.5) 2
= 2 : 3
Hence, the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon is [tex]C_2H_3[/tex].
Learn more about the empirical formula here:
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