The sperm and egg unite following intercourse.
Sperm and egg transport:
To the location of fertilization, the sperm must be delivered. The semen develops a gel after ejaculation to shield it from the acidic environment of the vagina. The most mobile protected sperm pass through the cervical mucus layers that protect the uterus' entrance. After the sperm have entered the uterus, the sperm are propelled through the fallopian tubes by contractions. A few minutes after ejaculation, the first sperm enter the tubes. However, it's unlikely that the initial sperm will fertilize the egg.
Ovulation marks the beginning of egg transport, which terminates when the egg enters the uterus. The fimbriated, or finger-like, end of the fallopian tube glides over the ovary after ovulation. The egg is picked up and moved into the tube by the cilia's adhesive sites, which are present on the surface of the fimbriae. A forward motion is produced by contractions of the muscles brought on by the egg's movement and the cilia inside the tube. It takes over 30 hours to travel through the tube.
Fertilization and Embryo Development:
The egg sleeps for an additional 30 hours until it reaches the ampullary-isthmic junction, a particular area of the tube. In this section of the tube, the sperm and egg unite to form the fertilized egg. The fertilized egg then starts to quickly fall toward the uterus. The resting time in the tube appears to be required for the fertilized egg to fully mature and for the uterus to get ready to receive the egg.
After penetration, a number of things happened to prepare the first cell division. The term "zygote" refers to the single-cell embryo. The human embryo proceeds through a process known as mitosis, which involves several cell divisions, during the course of the following seven days. After this stage of transition, the embryo develops into a blastocyst, which is a collection of highly structured cells.
Implantation:
About five to six days after fertilization, when the embryo reaches the blastocyst stage, it emerges from the zona pellucida and starts the process of implantation in the uterus.
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