The belief that schools function to increase rather than eliminate inequality is most closely associated with Conflict theory.
Conflict theory is a sociological and social psychological perspective that emphasizes a materialistic interpretation of history, a method of dialectical analysis, a critical attitude toward existing social arrangements, and a political program of revolution or at least reform.
Conflict theory, first developed by Karl Marx, is the theory that societies are in constant conflict due to competition for limited resources. Conflict theory holds that social order is maintained by domination and power rather than by consensus and conformity.
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