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SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) for sickling (SCD) involves checking for presence of hemoglobin S.
What is the SOP for sickling?
- Sickling or Sickle-cell disorder (SCD) is when the hemoglobin inside red blood cells sticks or clumps together, causing the cell to become fragile, rigid, and crescent or sickle-shaped.
- This is a genetic disorder affecting hemoglobin of RBCs.
- Diagnostic testing in potentially affected individuals is usually undertaken prenatally, or at or soon after birth.
- A sickle cell test looks only for the presence of an abnormal form of hemoglobin called hemoglobin S, which causes SCD.
- A negative test is normal. It means your hemoglobin is normal. A positive test result may mean you have sickle cell trait or SCD.
The complete blood count (CBC) is a primary test to characterize the different types of anemia.
- Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) is usually elevated in SCD patients receiving hydroxyurea (medication used in SCD).
- Moreover, elevated red cell distribution width (RDW) is seen in SCD patients because of RBCs’ different subpopulations.
- Although CBC is widely used to describe the hematological parameter as valuable information, it is insufficient to give a complete picture of patients’ diagnoses.
Therefore, peripheral blood smear (PBF) analysis is performed to examine SCD.
- PBF examines the morphology of the blood cell and evaluates any microscopic changes.
- The preparation of these blood smear slides is relatively simple, rapid, and inexpensive.
- In sickle cell anemia, moderate to severe anisopoikilocyte (different shape of RBCs) is seen with a variable number of elongated sickle cells.
- Although peripheral blood smear is an informative hematological test, it relies on the pathologist’s skills.
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