To determine the genotype of this plant, a test cross should be performed. The expected phenotypes of the descendants are yellow and green peas.
What does test-cross mean?
An F1 progeny is bred with a double (homozygous) recessive(green pea) mother generation to determine if an offspring is homozygous or heterozygous for a specific characteristic. A test cross is what this is called.
If the hybrid's mother is homozygous (YY) dominant, all of the hybrid's offspring will have the dominant (yellow) phenotype.
Mother yellow pea (YY) x green pea (yy) - P generation
Y y - Gamete
Yy (yellow) , Yy (yellow) -F1 generation
The ratio should be 1:1 if the mother is heterozygous dominant (Yy), in which case half of the kids will display the dominant phenotype, while the other half will display the recessive phenotype(yy).
Mother yellow pea (Yy) x green pea (yy) -P generation
Y, y y - Gamete
Yy (yellow) , yy (green) -F1 generation
The conclusion drawn from the foregoing explanation is that in order to determine the genotype of the pea plant, a test cross should be conducted. The expected progenies are - yellow and green peas.
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