Neuman's systems model believes that nursing encompasses a holistic (body, mind, and spirit) client systems approach to help individuals, families, communities, and society reach and maintain wellness.
The four nursing meta-paradigm concepts are delineated in the Neuman system model diagram (environment, person, nursing, health). Additionally, it can make it simpler for nurses to comprehend and apply the more general notions of nursing skills to real-world, everyday nursing experience. The individual is seen as a client or client system made up of innate qualities integrated within a particular structure in the Neuman systems paradigm.
A person, a family, a community, or a social issue is viewed as "a composite of variables (physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual) composed of a [central] core or essential survival factor structure and surrounding concentric defensive rings." The client system develops a series of defenses that are used as protection to interact with the environment called "defense lines." The typical line of defense can be interpreted as the climax.
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