The criterion is called the irrelevant alternatives.
independence from irrelevant alternatives is mostly interpreted as:
if one candidate (X) would win an election, and
if a new candidate (Y) were added to the ballot
Then X or Y would win the election
This assumption implies that voters having meaningful preferences in an election with only two alternatives will cast a vote which has little or no voting power.
Thus, the criterion is called the irrelevant alternatives.
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