The genetic evidence from neanderthal remains that are used in studying most neanderthal fossils is in the form of mtDNA.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the DNA and has a circular chromosome which is located in the mitochondria, which is a cellular organelle within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food.
A mitochondrial DNA test traces a mother-line ancestry using the DNA in his mitochondria, and it is passed down by the mother unchanged to all her all children.
Neanderthals are an extinct species or subspecies of archaic humans who lived in Eurasia until nearly 40,000 years ago. Neanderthals had a modern vocal tract like us. Therefore they were capable of fully modern speech.
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